Puli
Ungverjar segja að puli sé ekki hundur, Puli er Puli
Puli, eða Pulik í fleirtölu er ungverskur hjarðhundur. Hann er af Asiskum uppruna. Puli er ein elsta hundategund í heimi. Við fornleifauppgröft í hinni fornu Mesampotamiu (nú Irak) hafa fundist Puli-líkar styttur og myndristur. Flestar fundnar í gröfum. Í þjóðminjasafninu í Bagdad er hægt að sjá merki þess að Puli, hafi frá því um 4000 f.kr verði í miklum metum sem fjár og nautgripa hjarðhundur. Hann fylgdi manninum á ferð sinni í leit að veiðidýrum og í stríðum. Hann kom með þjóðarflutningunum mikklu til Ungverjalands. Þeirra tíma hjarðmenn fengu strax mikið dálæti á honum og kunnu vel að meta hraustleika, frábaran hreyfanleika og einstakan karakter. Í augum hjarðmannana var Puli mikið meira en “bara” hundur og eru til skjalfestar heimildir um að verð á einum góðum Puli var sama og árslaun hjarðmannsins.
Það er hægt að þakka það hjarðmönnunum að þetta falslausa innræti og einstaklega sterklega líkamsbygging hefur haldið velli, nánast óbreytt fram til dagsins í dag. Eftir heimsstyrjaldirnar fór almeningur einnig að uppgötva Puli og hann vann mjög hratt hug og hjörtu fólks, ekki síst barna. Í dag er Puli fyrst og fremst ræktaður sem fjölskilduhundur. Hann er eftir sem áður ástsæll í Ungverjalandi og víðar sem hjarðhundur. Hann þarf ekki mikið nám til að verða gildur sem slíkur.Hann er einnig mikill varðundur. Puli er einnig notaður sem lögregluhundur m.a. Í Bandaríkjunum. Hann hefur einng sannað sig sem sporhundur.
Í fjölskildunni er Puli glaðlegur, barngóður og traustur félagi og hefur sterka hvöt til að halda sinni “tvífættu” hjörð saman. Hann er tortryggin gagnvart ókunnugum og tekur hlutverk sitt alvarlega.. að gæta hjarðarinnar sinnar, sem er fjölskildan og bústaður hennar og auðvitað kvikfé sem henni tilheyrir.Hann er mjög þolgóður hlaupari og hefur gaman af því að leika sér og fara í göngutúra.Hann hentar jafnvel í borg sem sveit ef hann fær nægilega hreyfingu og er snöggur að aðlagast aðstæðum. Puli er léttbyggður og snaggaralegur í hreyfingum. Hann er með glaðlega skapgerð og hefur einstaka námshæfileika. Hann getur verið hávær þegar mikið liggur við og einnig ef honum finnst sinni hjörð vera ógnað. Puli þarf jákvæðan aga og hann er mjög heillandi og ótrúlega greindur og auðvelt að kenna honum. Það sem gerir hann svona einstakan í útliti er feldurinn sem verður þykkur og síður með röstum eða böndum sem geta verið mismunandi að gerð. Feldurinn er frekar auðveldur og krefst mjög ekki mikils, það má alls ekki bursta hann eða kemba nema sem hvolp, eftir 6 mán, (margir ræktendur mæla með því að sleppa alveg að kemba hvolpana) er alveg hætt að kemba aða bursta feldinn. Puli fer ekki úr hárum því dauðu hárin vefjast upp á nýju hárin og mynda hægt og bítandi þessa rasta eða bönd.
Puli ræktunarmarkmið
FCI Standard N° 55 / 13.09.2000 / GB
TRANSLATION : Mrs C. Seidler and Mrs Elke Peper .
ORIGIN : Hungary .
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 06.04.2000
UTILISATION : Herding dog.
CLASSIFICATION FCI : Group 1 Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (Except Swiss Cattle Dog).
Section 1 Sheepdogs .
Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Puli is a Hungarian herding breed of Asiatic origin. His original ancestors most probably came to the Carpathian Basin with the migrating ancient Magyars, who lived as nomads on stock-breeding.
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GENERAL APPEARANCE : Dog of medium size with strong constitution, square build and fine, but not too light bones. The somewhat lean body is well muscled all over. The construction of the individual body parts is difficult to judge, as the whole body is covered by a strongly developed coat, tending to form curls and cords. It is therefore useful to touch the dog when judging. The coat on the head is so profuse that the head appears round and the eyes are covered. The profusely coated tail, curled forward over the back, gives the appearance of the topline rising slightly towards the rear.
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IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS · The body length is equal to the height at the withers.
· The depth of the brisket is slightly less than half of the height at the withers.
· The length of the muzzle is one third of the total length of the head.
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BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Of lively temperament, extremely able to learn. Loves children and is an excellent watchdog. His present shape has adapted him to sporting use.
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HEAD : Seen from the front, round, seen from the side appears to be elliptic.
CRANIAL REGION
Skull : Small and fine. Superciliary ridges strongly developed.
Stop : Barely developed.
FACIAL REGION
Nose : Rather small, black.
Muzzle : Not pointed; bridge of nose straight.
Lips : Taut, with dark pigmentation.
Jaws/ Teeth : Complete scissor bite according to the dentition formula. 42 teeth.
Eyes : Of medium size, dark brown, set in slightly oblique and medium wide apart. The expression is lively and intelligent. Rims of lids close-fitting to the eyeball and well pigmented.
Ears : Set on at medium height with broad base. The pendant leathers V-shaped with rounded tips.
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NECK : Of medium length, taut, well muscled. Forms an angle of about 45 degrees to the horizontal and is covered by dense coat.
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BODY
Topline : Straight. Giving the impression of rising slightly towards the rear because of the tail carriage.
Withers : Only slightly projecting from the topline .
Back : Of medium length, straight, dry and muscular.
Loin : Very strongly muscled, short.
Croup : Short, slightly sloping.
Chest : Deep, long with well arched ribs.
Underline : Gradually rising towards rear.
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TAIL : Set on at medium height and carried in a flat curl over the croup. Well covered by dense coat. When stretched out, it reaches to the hocks.
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LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS
Shoulders : Shoulder blade sloping, tightly fitting to the brisket. A vertical line from the withers touches the front part of the chest at its deepest point. The angle between shoulder blade and upper arm is 100 to 110 degrees.
Upper Arm : Medium long, well muscled.
Elbows : Lying closely to the brisket. Angle between upperarm and forearm : 120 to 130 degrees.
Forearm : Long, straight, with dry muscles.
Forefeet : Short, rounded, tight with well knit toes. Nails black or dark slate grey. Pads dark in colour and springy. Feet parallel, pointing forward and medium wide apart.
HINDQUARTERS : The legs are medium wide apart and parallel. The angle between pelvis and upper thigh is about 100 to 110 degrees. Angulation of stifle joint 100 to 110 degrees.
Upper and lower thigh : Long and well muscled.
Hock : Dry, clean-cut.
Metatarsus : Short.
Hind feet : A little flatter than front feet, otherwise similar.
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GAIT/ MOVEMENT : Very lively and spirited. Steps short. The gait is often typically mincing and jumping. The dog has a tendency to spin round himself.
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SKIN : Without wrinkles, tight, with strong pigment. The bare skin is black or slate grey in all coat colours.
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COAT
HAIR : The puppy coat is dense, wavy or curly. Later, there are tufts of hair developing to tassels and cords. The coat consists of a coarser top coat and a finer undercoat. The relation between these two types of hair determines the character of the coat. If the topcoat highly predominates the undercoat, the coat structure is untypical and the coat sticks slightly out. If the undercoat is too highly predominant – which is undesirable – this results in a matted coat of too soft texture, difficult to groom. The correct proportion between the two types of hair, which is genetically fixed, produces the aesthetical tassels or cords, which are easy to groom. The cords on the loins and the croup and at the back of the upper thighs are longest (20-30 cm). They are shortest on the head and at the limbs (10-12 cm). Coat on head is ideal when the hair forms a strong structure of cords covering the facial region. Both a combed out and a neglected, tousled coat are undesirable.
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COLOUR
a ) - Black.
- Black with few rusty coloured or grey shadings .
- Fawn ( fakó ) with a distinct black mask. A white patch at the forechest , not exceeding 3 cm in diameter, is permitted. White between the toes is not regarded as a fault.
b) - Pearl white without any russet gold ( semmelblond ).
Any colour or marking deviating from the above, is undesirable.
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SIZE AND WEIGHT
HEIGHT
Dogs: 39 - 45 cm, Ideal height: 41 - 43 cm
Bitches: 36 - 42 cm, Ideal height: 38 - 40 cm.
WEIGHT
Dogs: 13 - 15 kg.
Bitches: 10 - 13 kg.
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FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault is regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.
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ELIMINATING FAULTS
· One or more missing teeth (incisors, canines, premolars 2-4, molars 1-2). More than two missing PM1. The M3 are disregarded.
· Over- or undershot, wry mouth.
· Tail carried in sickel shape or horizontally.
· Short, smooth, separately growing hairs.
· Faults in colour. Undesired markings and patches.
· Size deviating from the limits mentioned in the standard.
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NB: Male animals must have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
Ungverjar segja að puli sé ekki hundur, Puli er Puli
Puli, eða Pulik í fleirtölu er ungverskur hjarðhundur. Hann er af Asiskum uppruna. Puli er ein elsta hundategund í heimi. Við fornleifauppgröft í hinni fornu Mesampotamiu (nú Irak) hafa fundist Puli-líkar styttur og myndristur. Flestar fundnar í gröfum. Í þjóðminjasafninu í Bagdad er hægt að sjá merki þess að Puli, hafi frá því um 4000 f.kr verði í miklum metum sem fjár og nautgripa hjarðhundur. Hann fylgdi manninum á ferð sinni í leit að veiðidýrum og í stríðum. Hann kom með þjóðarflutningunum mikklu til Ungverjalands. Þeirra tíma hjarðmenn fengu strax mikið dálæti á honum og kunnu vel að meta hraustleika, frábaran hreyfanleika og einstakan karakter. Í augum hjarðmannana var Puli mikið meira en “bara” hundur og eru til skjalfestar heimildir um að verð á einum góðum Puli var sama og árslaun hjarðmannsins.
Það er hægt að þakka það hjarðmönnunum að þetta falslausa innræti og einstaklega sterklega líkamsbygging hefur haldið velli, nánast óbreytt fram til dagsins í dag. Eftir heimsstyrjaldirnar fór almeningur einnig að uppgötva Puli og hann vann mjög hratt hug og hjörtu fólks, ekki síst barna. Í dag er Puli fyrst og fremst ræktaður sem fjölskilduhundur. Hann er eftir sem áður ástsæll í Ungverjalandi og víðar sem hjarðhundur. Hann þarf ekki mikið nám til að verða gildur sem slíkur.Hann er einnig mikill varðundur. Puli er einnig notaður sem lögregluhundur m.a. Í Bandaríkjunum. Hann hefur einng sannað sig sem sporhundur.
Í fjölskildunni er Puli glaðlegur, barngóður og traustur félagi og hefur sterka hvöt til að halda sinni “tvífættu” hjörð saman. Hann er tortryggin gagnvart ókunnugum og tekur hlutverk sitt alvarlega.. að gæta hjarðarinnar sinnar, sem er fjölskildan og bústaður hennar og auðvitað kvikfé sem henni tilheyrir.Hann er mjög þolgóður hlaupari og hefur gaman af því að leika sér og fara í göngutúra.Hann hentar jafnvel í borg sem sveit ef hann fær nægilega hreyfingu og er snöggur að aðlagast aðstæðum. Puli er léttbyggður og snaggaralegur í hreyfingum. Hann er með glaðlega skapgerð og hefur einstaka námshæfileika. Hann getur verið hávær þegar mikið liggur við og einnig ef honum finnst sinni hjörð vera ógnað. Puli þarf jákvæðan aga og hann er mjög heillandi og ótrúlega greindur og auðvelt að kenna honum. Það sem gerir hann svona einstakan í útliti er feldurinn sem verður þykkur og síður með röstum eða böndum sem geta verið mismunandi að gerð. Feldurinn er frekar auðveldur og krefst mjög ekki mikils, það má alls ekki bursta hann eða kemba nema sem hvolp, eftir 6 mán, (margir ræktendur mæla með því að sleppa alveg að kemba hvolpana) er alveg hætt að kemba aða bursta feldinn. Puli fer ekki úr hárum því dauðu hárin vefjast upp á nýju hárin og mynda hægt og bítandi þessa rasta eða bönd.
Puli ræktunarmarkmið
FCI Standard N° 55 / 13.09.2000 / GB
TRANSLATION : Mrs C. Seidler and Mrs Elke Peper .
ORIGIN : Hungary .
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 06.04.2000
UTILISATION : Herding dog.
CLASSIFICATION FCI : Group 1 Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (Except Swiss Cattle Dog).
Section 1 Sheepdogs .
Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY : The Puli is a Hungarian herding breed of Asiatic origin. His original ancestors most probably came to the Carpathian Basin with the migrating ancient Magyars, who lived as nomads on stock-breeding.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL APPEARANCE : Dog of medium size with strong constitution, square build and fine, but not too light bones. The somewhat lean body is well muscled all over. The construction of the individual body parts is difficult to judge, as the whole body is covered by a strongly developed coat, tending to form curls and cords. It is therefore useful to touch the dog when judging. The coat on the head is so profuse that the head appears round and the eyes are covered. The profusely coated tail, curled forward over the back, gives the appearance of the topline rising slightly towards the rear.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS · The body length is equal to the height at the withers.
· The depth of the brisket is slightly less than half of the height at the withers.
· The length of the muzzle is one third of the total length of the head.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT : Of lively temperament, extremely able to learn. Loves children and is an excellent watchdog. His present shape has adapted him to sporting use.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HEAD : Seen from the front, round, seen from the side appears to be elliptic.
CRANIAL REGION
Skull : Small and fine. Superciliary ridges strongly developed.
Stop : Barely developed.
FACIAL REGION
Nose : Rather small, black.
Muzzle : Not pointed; bridge of nose straight.
Lips : Taut, with dark pigmentation.
Jaws/ Teeth : Complete scissor bite according to the dentition formula. 42 teeth.
Eyes : Of medium size, dark brown, set in slightly oblique and medium wide apart. The expression is lively and intelligent. Rims of lids close-fitting to the eyeball and well pigmented.
Ears : Set on at medium height with broad base. The pendant leathers V-shaped with rounded tips.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NECK : Of medium length, taut, well muscled. Forms an angle of about 45 degrees to the horizontal and is covered by dense coat.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BODY
Topline : Straight. Giving the impression of rising slightly towards the rear because of the tail carriage.
Withers : Only slightly projecting from the topline .
Back : Of medium length, straight, dry and muscular.
Loin : Very strongly muscled, short.
Croup : Short, slightly sloping.
Chest : Deep, long with well arched ribs.
Underline : Gradually rising towards rear.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAIL : Set on at medium height and carried in a flat curl over the croup. Well covered by dense coat. When stretched out, it reaches to the hocks.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS
Shoulders : Shoulder blade sloping, tightly fitting to the brisket. A vertical line from the withers touches the front part of the chest at its deepest point. The angle between shoulder blade and upper arm is 100 to 110 degrees.
Upper Arm : Medium long, well muscled.
Elbows : Lying closely to the brisket. Angle between upperarm and forearm : 120 to 130 degrees.
Forearm : Long, straight, with dry muscles.
Forefeet : Short, rounded, tight with well knit toes. Nails black or dark slate grey. Pads dark in colour and springy. Feet parallel, pointing forward and medium wide apart.
HINDQUARTERS : The legs are medium wide apart and parallel. The angle between pelvis and upper thigh is about 100 to 110 degrees. Angulation of stifle joint 100 to 110 degrees.
Upper and lower thigh : Long and well muscled.
Hock : Dry, clean-cut.
Metatarsus : Short.
Hind feet : A little flatter than front feet, otherwise similar.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GAIT/ MOVEMENT : Very lively and spirited. Steps short. The gait is often typically mincing and jumping. The dog has a tendency to spin round himself.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SKIN : Without wrinkles, tight, with strong pigment. The bare skin is black or slate grey in all coat colours.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COAT
HAIR : The puppy coat is dense, wavy or curly. Later, there are tufts of hair developing to tassels and cords. The coat consists of a coarser top coat and a finer undercoat. The relation between these two types of hair determines the character of the coat. If the topcoat highly predominates the undercoat, the coat structure is untypical and the coat sticks slightly out. If the undercoat is too highly predominant – which is undesirable – this results in a matted coat of too soft texture, difficult to groom. The correct proportion between the two types of hair, which is genetically fixed, produces the aesthetical tassels or cords, which are easy to groom. The cords on the loins and the croup and at the back of the upper thighs are longest (20-30 cm). They are shortest on the head and at the limbs (10-12 cm). Coat on head is ideal when the hair forms a strong structure of cords covering the facial region. Both a combed out and a neglected, tousled coat are undesirable.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COLOUR
a ) - Black.
- Black with few rusty coloured or grey shadings .
- Fawn ( fakó ) with a distinct black mask. A white patch at the forechest , not exceeding 3 cm in diameter, is permitted. White between the toes is not regarded as a fault.
b) - Pearl white without any russet gold ( semmelblond ).
Any colour or marking deviating from the above, is undesirable.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SIZE AND WEIGHT
HEIGHT
Dogs: 39 - 45 cm, Ideal height: 41 - 43 cm
Bitches: 36 - 42 cm, Ideal height: 38 - 40 cm.
WEIGHT
Dogs: 13 - 15 kg.
Bitches: 10 - 13 kg.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault is regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ELIMINATING FAULTS
· One or more missing teeth (incisors, canines, premolars 2-4, molars 1-2). More than two missing PM1. The M3 are disregarded.
· Over- or undershot, wry mouth.
· Tail carried in sickel shape or horizontally.
· Short, smooth, separately growing hairs.
· Faults in colour. Undesired markings and patches.
· Size deviating from the limits mentioned in the standard.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NB: Male animals must have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
